Mismatched anti-predator behavioral responses in predator-naïve larval anurans

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Mismatched anti-predator behavioral responses in predator-naïve larval anurans

Organisms are adept at altering behaviors to balance the tradeoff between foraging and predation risk in spatially and temporally shifting predator environments. In order to optimize this tradeoff, prey need to be able to display an appropriate response based on degree of predation risk. To be most beneficial in the earliest life stages in which many prey are vulnerable to predation, innate ant...

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It is not known whether the instincts of wild horses have remained strong during their centuries of domestication. Knowledge of this matter would give riders the opportunity to know more about the behavior of horses and consequently about safety for both horses and riders. In this current research, we studied the behavior of fifteen Caspian miniature horses of different ages and sexes using sti...

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Quantifying the Relation between Predator-induced Behavior and Growth Performance in Larval Anurans

Because the nature and magnitude of species interactions are functions of the traits that species possess, understanding how individual traits affect performance is important to our understanding of community structure. To examine the relation between species traits and performance, we first assessed behavioral responses of two larval anurans to three predator species in the laboratory. We then...

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Predation can be an important factor in shaping the behavior and ecology of species (Tuttle & Ryan 1981). Over evolutionary time, behavior is shaped to maximize net benefits as predicted by optimality models (Smith 1978). Because the cost of defense may affect fitness (Ueta 1999; Van Buskirk 2000; Raberg & Stjernman 2003), we might expect individuals to make behavioral decisions based on contex...

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Human activities in protected areas can affect wildlife populations in a similar manner to predation risk, causing increases in movement and vigilance, shifts in habitat use and changes in group size. Nevertheless, recent evidence indicates that in certain situations ungulate species may actually utilize areas associated with higher levels of human presence as a potential refuge from disturbanc...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: PeerJ

سال: 2015

ISSN: 2167-8359

DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1472